“The foam globes round come riding fast”
(MS VIII; Poems [1891]; Works [1903])—In the Library Edition,
the editors remark that
foam globe was "a favourite expression with Ruskin, and they point to instances here and in
,
“The Last Song of Arion”,
“The Ascent of the St. Bernard: A Dramatic Sketch”,
The Poetry of Architecture, and
Modern Painters I
(
Ruskin, Works, 2:387, 62; and see 2:119; 1:508, 37; 3:426).
The editors fail to identify the source of this poetic phrase, however, which was likely
Walter Scottʼs
Rokeby (
1813),
in the description of the vale of the
River Greta in
County Durham,
near the riverʼs meeting with the
River Tees,
between
Rokeby Manor
and
Mortham Tower. In his apparently initial adoption of the phrase,
Ruskin borrows
Scottʼs diction for a rocky, wooded Yorkshire stream and transplants it to open his poem describing the glacier torrent of the
Arveyron. He takes both
Scottʼs noun for the effervescent foam and the associated verb for its action on the current,
but not
Scottʼs moralizing similes:
It seemed some mountain, rent and riven,
A channel for the stream had given,
So high the cliffs of limestone grey
Hung beetling o'er the torrent's way,
Yielding, along their rugged base,
A flinty footpath's niggard space,
Where he, who winds 'twixt rock and wave,
May hear the headlong torrent rave,
And like a steed in frantic fit,
That flings the froth from curb and bit,
May view her chafe her waves to spray,
O'er every rock that bars her way,
Till foam-globes on her eddies ride,
Thick as the schemes of human pride,
That down life's current drive amain,
As frail, as frothy, and as vain!
The description occurs when
Wilfrid Wycliffe is guiding the buccaneer,
Bertram Risingham, from
Barnard Castle
to
Mortham Tower to collect the treasure promised to the pirate by
Wilfridʼs father,
Oswald, for the murder of
Philip of Mortham.
In
1813, the year of the poemʼs publication, the young
John James Ruskin penned a wry account of the narrative to his mother,
Catherine, predicting that it
“will never be much read & I hope the Reviewers will assist in checking the career of such loose & foolish poems.
Mr. Scott
consulted his fame in writing
Marmion & the
Minstrel—if
he continues to value his fame he will write no more”.
John James especially scoffed at the character of
Wilfrid, a boy who is
“very tender hearted, mild, shy, innocent, amorous, & sickly, very studious moreover”,
and who “prefers sitting up all night hearing the wind howl & looking at the moon” in order to write poems about it, rather than “going like other folks to bed. . . .
I expected the first Canto was to send this weekly youth to his grave in a galloping consumption . . . when lo! & behold he breaks out upon us all at once
with a song & seems as well & merry as possible considering that he had nothing but the moon to sing to & not even a pipe nor a pot of porter to comfort him withall”.
John James could not have predicted how uncannily the character would conform, two decades later, with that of the young
John Ruskin
(
letter of 4 March 1813 [
Burd, ed., Ruskin Family Letters, 63, 60]; and see
Scott, Rokeby [1813],
36–51 [canto 1, stanzas 24–34]).
In
1823, a drawing of this
Teesdale landscape by
J. M. W. Turner was published as
“Junction of the Greta and Tees at Rokeby”, engraved by
John Pye,
in
Thomas Dunham Whitaker, History of Richmondshire (1:184 opp.;
Ruskin later owned
Turnerʼs original
1817 watercolor of this subject).
By
April 1834 at the latest, nearer the time of composing “The foam globes round come riding fast”,
Ruskin could also have had access to another, very different conception of this subject by
Turner,
“The Junction of the Greta and the Tees”,
also engraved by
John Pye. This rendering served as a frontispiece for
Rokeby,
volume nine in the twelve‐volume
Poetical Works of Sir Walter Scott, Bart.,
published in
1833–34 by Robert Cadell as an extension of the
Magnum Opus edition of the novels.
(See
Finley, Landscapes of Memory, 30–32, 91–93;
Millgate, Scottʼs Last Edition, 48.)